Development of a Hybrid Traction System for a Suburban Multiple Electric Train with Dual Power Supply
Keywords:
electric rolling stock, energy efficiency, hybrid traction system, traction electric drive, energy storage device, traction converter, traction transformer, traction asynchronous motorAbstract
This paper examines and analyses the design options for traction systems of modern electric rolling stock. Traction systems based on traditional circuit design solutions are reviewed and discussed. A review of traction systems with converters using medium-frequency transformers is provided. The use of such transformers reduces the weight of electrical equipment, requires less installation space, and increases the energy efficiency of electric rolling stock. It is shown that a priority approach is to use a hybrid traction system based on traditional circuit solutions, as its components exhibit high reliability. Several variants of hybrid traction systems for a dual-supply suburban electric train are proposed. The study demonstrates the feasibility of stabilising the intermediate circuit voltage to ensure autonomous energy exchange between the energy storage system and the traction drive. The operation of the circuits is described, and it is shown that when the intermediate DC-link voltage does not exceed 1000 V, standard industrial solutions can be used in the energy storage system. The proposed hybrid traction systems can be implemented in the modernisation or development of new electric multiple units and may also be used in other types of rail vehicles.
References
Borsuk, Yu.V. (2025) Suburban railway transportation in Ukraine: features of territorial organization and development trends [in Ukrainian]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://geography.lnu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Borsuk_Prymiski-zaliznychni-perevezennia-v-Ukraini_2025.pdf.
Ukrzaliznytsia (2025). Suburban train schedule. [in Ukrainian]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://uz.gov.ua/passengers/suburban_train_schedule/.
Private Joint-Stock Company "Kyiv Electric Wagon Repair Plant" (2025). [in Ukrainian]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://kevrz.com.ua/index.php/ua/.
Chyhrinov, V. (2024). Retrospective analysis of suburban passenger transportation indicators of the regional branch of JSC «Ukrzaliznytsya». Sustainable economic development. 3(50), 458-467. [in Ukrainian] https://doi.org/10.32782/2308-1988/2024-50-69.
Lomotko, D. V., Krasnoshtan, O. M., Kava, O. S. (2022). Ways to restore the logistics of suburban passenger rail transportation on non-electrified sections of the railway. Information and control systems in railway transport, 4, P.41-47. [in Ukrainian].
Sablin, O. I., Kuznetsov, V. G., Artemchuk V. V. (2013). Problems and prospects of effective use of electricity recovery in the electric transport system. Optical-electronic information and energy technologies, 2, P. 126-130. [in Ukrainian].
Buriakovskyi, S. H., Overianova, L. V., Neshcheret, V. O., Ivanov, K. I. (2023). Assessment of the energy saving potential when using energy recovery in a railcar electric rolling stock for suburban transportation. Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Energy and heat engineering processes and equipment, 3(15), 52-59 https://doi.org/10.20998/2078-774X.2023.03.08. [in Ukrainian].
N. A. Kostyn, A. V. Nykytenko. (2014). Autonomy of recuperative braking is the basis of reliable and energy-efficient recuperation on electromotive components of direct current. Railway transport of Ukraine, 3, P. 15–22. [in Ukrainian].
Shylo, S. I. (2025). Increasing the efficiency of traction transmission of direct current electric trains: author's abstract of dissertation ... candidate of technical sciences: 05.22.09. Dnipro, 26 p. [in Ukrainian].
Zabarylo D. O. (2015). Increasing the efficiency of dual-supply electric rolling stock with asynchronous traction drive: author's abstract of thesis ... candidate of technical sciences: 05.22.09. Dnipropetrovsk. 25 p. [in Ukrainian].
Demydov O. V. (2021). Energy-efficient gearless traction drive of a suburban electric train based on a synchronous motor with permanent magnets: author's abstract of the dissertation ... candidate of technical sciences: special. 05.22.09 Kharkiv, 21 p. [in Ukrainian].
Mukha, A. M. (2011). Development of scientific foundations for the creation of traction power transmissions of multi-system electric locomotives [Text]: dissertation ... Dr. Tech. Sciences: 05.22.09. Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport named after V. Lazaryan, - 362 pages. [in Ukrainian].
Hulak S. O. (2020). Increasing the energy performance of AC electric locomotives due to reactive power compensation adapted to the power supply system: dissertation ... candidate of technical sciences: special 05.22.09:– Kharkiv, 209 p. [in Ukrainian].
Krasnov O. O. (2020). Active traction converter for AC electric locomotives with collector traction motors: dis. ... candidate of technical sciences : 05.22.09 : Kharkiv, 188 p. [in Ukrainian].
Overianova, L.V. (2014). Determination of parameters and assessment of properties of electromechanical inertial energy storage devices for suburban electric trains: author's abstract of the dissertation of candidate of technical sciences: 05.22.09, Kharkiv, 20 p. [in Ukrainian].
Sulym, A.O. (2023). Increasing the efficiency of electricity use for regenerative braking of metro trains by introducing on-board capacitive energy storage devices [Text]: monograph. State Property Fund of Ukraine, State Enterprise "Ukr. Research Institute of Carriage Building" (SE "UkrNDIV"). Kremenchuk: SE "UkrNDIV", 104 p. [in Ukrainian].
Kondratieva L. Yu. (2025). Energy-efficient control of the traction electric drive of a quarry locomotive with a combined power plant: dissertation ... doctor of philosophy : special. 141, Kharkiv, 193 s. [in Ukrainian].
Yatsko, S., Vashchenko, Ya., Sydorenko, A. (2019). Development of strategies for reducing traction energy consumption by electric rolling stock. JCPEE, Volume 9, Number 1, pp. 44-51 https://doi.org/10.23939/jcpee2019.01.044.
Maslii, A., Buriakovskyi, S., Antonenko, R., Gevrasov, V., Maslii, A. (2025). Assessing the applicability of energy storage system for plug-in hybrid traction system in rail rolling stock. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4(1 (136), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2025.337731.
Afanasov, A. M., Lynyk, D. I., Arpul, S. V., Bilukhin, D. S., Vasyliev, V. Ye. (2022). Prospects for the use of autonomous electric trains with on-board energy storage. Transport systems and transportation technologies, (23), S.46-51. https://doi.org/10.15802/tstt2022/261652.
Steiner, M., Klohr, M., Pagiela, S. (2007). Energy storage system with ultracaps on board of railway vehicles. 2007 European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Aalborg, Denmark, pp. 1-10, https://doi.org.10.1109/EPE.2007.4417400.
Kono, Y., Shiraki, N., Yokoyama, H., Furuta, R. (2014). Catenary and storage battery hybrid system for electric railcar series EV-E301. 2014 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC-Hiroshima 2014 - ECCE ASIA), Hiroshima, Japan, 2014, pp. 2120-2125, https://doi.org.10.1109/IPEC.2014.6869881.
Ogasa, M. (2010), Application of Energy Storage Technologies for Electric Railway Vehicles—Examples with Hybrid Electric Railway Vehicles. IEEJ Trans Elec Electron Eng, 5: 304-311. https://doi.org/10.1002/tee.20534.
Yoshiaki, TAGUCHI, Satoshi KADOWAKI, Takayuki NAKAMURA, Masaki MIKI, Kenji HATAKEDA, Yoshimasa ARITA. (2015). Development of a Traction Circuit for Battery-powered and AC-fed Dual Source EMU and Running Test Evaluation of the On-board Battery Performance, Quarterly Report of RTRI, Volume 56, Issue 2, Pages 98-104, Released on J-STAGE June 09, 2015, https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.56.98
Bombardier Talent 3 Battery Train (2025) [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://www.railway-technology.com/projects/bombardier-talent-3-battery-train/?cf-view&cf-closed.
FLIRT Akku: continues where the overhead line ends (2025) [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://www.stadlerrail.com/en/solutions/rolling-stock/mainline-flirt-akku.
Hybrid Multiple Units (2025) [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://assets.new.siemens.com/siemens/assets/api/uuid :0a451202-2be4-485d-a736-974d74263e63/siemens-mobility-mireo-plus-b-mireo-plus-h-en.pdf.
Becker,F., Dämmig, A. (2016). Catenary free operation of light rail vehicles — Topology and operational concept. 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe), Karlsruhe, Germany, pp. 1-10, https://doi.org.10.1109/EPE.2016.7695286.
Battery Powered Trains (2025) [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://www.hitachirail.com/products-and-solutions/rolling-stock/battery-powered-trains/.
Karkosiński, D., Stromski, P., Karkosińska Brzozowska, N. (2021). Hybrid energy storage for electric multiple units to operate at the partially electrified line Gdynia-Hel. Rail Vehicles. Pojazdy Szynowe, (1), 18–32. https://doi.org/10.53502/RAIL-138488.
Steimel, A. (2008). Electric traction - motive power and energy supply : basics and practical experience. Access mode: https://www.iqytechnicalcollege.com/Electric%20Traction%20-% 20Motion%20Power%20and%20Energy%20Supply_%20Basics%20and%20Practical%20Experience.pdf.
Eckel, H.-G., Bakran, M. M., Krafft, E. U., Nagel, A. (2005). A new family of modular IGBT converters for traction applications. 2005 European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Dresden, Germany, P.10, https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2005.219248.
Plakhtii, O., Nerubatskyi, V., Sushko, D., Ryshchenko, I., Tsybulnyk, V., & Hordiienko, D. (2019). Improving energy characteristics of ac electric rolling stock by using the three-level active four-quadrant rectifiers. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4(8 (100), 6–14. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2019.174112.
Bakran M. M., Eckel, H.-G., Eckert, P., Gambach, H., Wenkemann, U. Comparison of multisystem traction converters for high-power locomotives. 2004 IEEE 35th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Aachen, Germany, 2004, pp. 697-703 Vol.1, https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.2004.1355833.
Farnesi, S., Marchesoni, M., Passalacqua, M., Vaccaro, L. (2019). Solid-State Transformers in Locomotives Fed through AC Lines: A Review and Future Developments. Energies, 12(24), 4711. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12244711
BORDLINE® M400_DC_3000V_M For Hybrid Bi-Mode Locomotives (2025) [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://library.e.abb.com/public/5f0dd4e9c23c4f19842ac96a34a85872/ BORDLINE%20M400_DC_3000V_M.pdf.
Dong-Uk Kim, Jin-Hyuk Park, Seung-Hwan Lee, Sungmin Kim (2025). Development of medium voltage single-phase solid-state transformer for high-speed railway vehicles: reduced scale verification results. High Voltage, 10(3), 555–569 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1049/hve2.70061.
Morel, F., Stackler, C., Ladoux, P., Fouineau, A., Wallart, F., Evans, N., Dworakowski, P. (2019). Power electronic traction transformers in 25 kV / 50 Hz systems: Optimisation of DC/DC Isolated Converters with 3.3 kV SiC MOSFETs. PCIM Europe 2019; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, Nuremberg, Germany, 2019, pp. 1-8.
E. S. Lee, J. H. Park, M. Y. Kim, J. S. Lee. (2022). High-Efficiency Module Design of Solid-State Transformers for Railway Vehicles, IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 98-120, https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2021.3101733.
Adamowicz, M., Szewczyk, J. (2020). SiC-Based Power Electronic Traction Transformer (PETT) for 3 kV DC Rail Traction. Energies, 13(21), 5573. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13215573.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
